The The map as a conceit for the mother land and its tragic history in joy harjo’s “a map to the next world”

Authors

  • Sulin Nadir Abdulqadir Department of English languages, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region-Iraq.
  • Amel A. Mahmoud Department of English languages, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zakho, Kurdistan Region-Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2022.10.4.872

Keywords:

: Joy Harjo, “A Map to the Next World”, conceit, Native Americans, the mother land, history, culture and myths

Abstract

This research paper examines the interconnectedness of the land and history of the Native Americans as delineated in the poem “A Map to the Next World” (2000) by Joy Harjo (1951-) The poem skillfully comes in the form of an extended metaphor “conceit” as the poet elaborates in describing a map, she plans to draw for the mother land of her nation, the Creek tribe which is one of the main tribes of the indigenous people of America, along with their devastating history.  The poem is fertile with signs, symbols, images and metaphors that intensify the deep historical and cultural connotations. Furthermore, this research paper endeavors to answer significant questions like; how does Harjo employs the figure of speech “conceit” in her poem to communicate meanings related to the Native American tragic history and their deep connection to their land. Other important questions, the research paper, seeks to find answers to is how does the poet delineate the devastating impact of modern urban life on the rich heritage of the Creek tribes, and to which extent the poet is successful in adopting the myths of the Native Americans to communicate the core meaning of the poem which is the deep connection between the Native Americans and their mother land.

 

The methodological approach utilized in this research is an in-depth literary analysis. This method dexterously employs close reading strategies of certain lines and stanzas in this poem to probe through their rhetorical aspects and to simultaneously, carefully examine the explicit and implicit historical and cultural references of the poem.

References

Brinton, D. G. (2006). The Myths of the New World: A Treatise on the Symbolism and Mythology of the Red Race of America. Urbana, IL: Project Gutenberg. Available at: https://www.gutenberg.org/files/19347/19347-h/19347-h.htm (Accessed: 28 March 2022)
Çubukçu, F. (2015). ‘Ecological Citizenship in the Poems by Joy Harjo’, İnönü University International Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2), 53–60. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/inijoss/issue/28895/42003 (Accessed: 20 January 2022)
De Sousa Guedes, M. H. (2013). Round the Kitchen Table: The Poetic Work of Joy Harjo. Doctoral dissertation. University of Aveiro. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10773/11944 (Accessed: 1 November 2021)
Dunn, C. M. (2010). Performing Nation, Identity, Indigenous Diaspora and home on the Poems, Songs, and Performances of Arigon Starr, Joy Harjo and Gayle Ross. Doctoral Dissertation. University of Southern California.
Erdoes, R., & Ortiz, A. (eds.). (1984). American Indian Myths and Legends. New York: Pantheon Books.
Ferber, M. (2007). A Dictionary of Literary Symbols (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goeman, M. (2012). ‘The Tools of a Cartographic Poet: Unmapping Settler Colonialism in Joy Harjo’s Poetry’, Settler Colonial Studies, 2(2), 89–112. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2012.10648843
Grantham, B. (2002). Creation myths and legends of the Creek Indians. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
Harjo, J. (2001). A Map to the Next World (2nd ed.). New York: W.W. Norton& Co.
Harjo, J., & Winder, T. (2011). Soul talk, Song Language Conversations with Joy Harjo. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/id/10509288 (Accessed: 19 September 2021)
Jeffries, L. (2013). ‘Readers and Point-of-view in Contemporary Poems: A Question of Pronouns’, Style in Fiction Today, 4, 175–190. doi: https://doi.org/10.4000/esa.1526
Mallot, J. E. (2007). ‘A Land Outside Space, an Expanse without Distances: Amitav Ghosh, Kamila Shamsie, and the Maps of Memory’, Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory, 18(3), 261–284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10436920701525612
Madjidi, Y. (2021). What are Words Worth? Environmentalism in the Poetry of William Wordsworth and Joy Harjo. Bachelor Thesis. University of California. Available at: http://madjidi.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/What-are-Words-Worth.pdf (Accessed: 20 January 2022)
Momaday, N. S. (1997). The Man Made of Words: Essays, Stories, Passages. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin.
Montgomery, D. A. (2009). Speaking Through the Silence: Voice in the Poetry of Selected Native American Women Poets. Doctoral Dissertation. University Texas at Arlington. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10106/1652 (Accessed: 18 August 2021).
O’Mahony, J. M. (2013). The Unheimlich Self in Modernity: Recreating Meaning through Poetry. Doctoral Dissertation. Waterford Institute of Technology. Available at: http://repository.wit.ie/id/eprint/2737 (Accessed: 5 February 2022)
Rainwater, C. (2013). ‘Bohmian Order in Leslie Marmon Silko’s “The Turquoise Ledge: A Memoir” and “Ocean Story”.’, Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory, 24(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10436928.2013.754234
Ross, L. (2016). Native Americans: American History: An Overview of “‘Native American History’”: Your Guide To: Native People, Indians, & Indian History (3rd ed.). Scotts Valley, CA: CreateSpace.
Scarry, J. (1992). ‘Representing Real Worlds: The Evolving Poetry of Joy Harjo’, World Literature Today, 66(2), 286–291.doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/40148135
Six, B. G. (1998). Slaying the monsters: Native American spirituality in the works of Tony Hillerman. Doctoral Dissertation. Texas Tech University. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/12987 (Accessed: 14 April 2022)
Standish, P. (1997). ‘Numerous Sand’, Variaciones Borges, 3, 100–109. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24879564 (Accessed: 20 February 2022)
Tripathy, J. (2009). ‘Postcolonialism and the Native American Experience: A Theoretical Perspective’, Asiatic: IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature, 3(1), 40–53. Available at: https://journals.iium.edu.my/asiatic/index.php/ajell/article/view/42 (Accessed: 10 April 2022)
Valenzuela-Mendoza, E. (2014). “Tending to the Past”: The Historical Poetics of Joy Harjo and Natasha Trethewey. Doctoral Dissertation. University of Iowa. doi: https://doi.org/10.17077/etd.7zvqq7li
Womack, C. (1999). Joy Harjo: Creek Writer from the End of the Twentieth Century. In Red on Red: Native American Literary Separatism. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

Downloads

Published

2022-12-30

How to Cite

Abdulqadir, S., & Mahmoud, A. (2022). The The map as a conceit for the mother land and its tragic history in joy harjo’s “a map to the next world” . Humanities Journal of University of Zakho, 10(4), 1193–1198. https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2022.10.4.872

Issue

Section

Humanities Journal of University of Zakho