THE UPRISING OF THE GULAN REVOLUTION IN BAHDINAN AND ITS OUTCOMES (1976–1978)

Hujeen M. Taher, Hoger T. Tawfiq — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The Gulan Revolution uprising in Bahdinan is considered a significant event in Kurdish national history. After the collapse of the Aylol Revolution, the PDK made efforts on various levels to establish a temporary headquarters in the Bahdinan area in preparation for a new uprising. One of their first steps was to reorganize in villages and towns. They, then, set up a temporary headquarters, and during the establishment of their groups, they launched the revolution, initiating attacks in Sindi, Guli, northern Barwari, and Nerway. These attacks targeted Iraqi government military stations. Since Turkey adopted a policy of indifference, the revolution's focal point was Bahdinan. This research addresses several key questions: How did the PDK’s temporary headquarters help people recover from the fallout of the Aylol Revolution? Under these circumstances, how were they able to reorganize? How did they manage to re-establish their checkpoints? What steps did the PDK take to trigger the revolution? What strategies were used to secure its establishment? What was the Iraqi government’s response to the PDK’s groups? How did the Ba'ath government oppose the revolution and the Kurds?

EMOTIONAL ATTRACTION IN ELECTION CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING

Payman A. Saeed — Wed, 07 May 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Emotion is a state of feeling versus perception that arises from all five senses. Emotion and reason are two basic pillars of human thought that have an influential role in behavior. Emotion is more effective and takes less time to persuade and change direction and attitudes, so it is used as an important factor in election campaign advertisements. Election advertising has great importance in politics, especially during elections, where parties and candidates try to influence the public and win their votes by advertising themselves through mass communication channels. Such as television, radio, internet, newspapers, magazines, posters, etc. In the context of the sixth round of the Kurdistan Regional Government parliamentary elections, emotional appeal was strategically employed in candidates’ and party lists’ advertisements to garner public support. The primary objective of electoral advertising is to align with public interests, with the overarching aim of influencing voter behavior and encouraging participation in the electoral process.

Humanities Journal of University of Zakho

THE UPRISING OF THE GULAN REVOLUTION IN BAHDINAN AND ITS OUTCOMES (1976–1978)

EMOTIONAL ATTRACTION IN ELECTION CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING