Humanities Journal of University of Zakho

ISLAMIC VALUE-BASED COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY AND EDUCATION AS A FRAMEWORK FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Srinurhayati Ikipsiliwangi, Angga Setra, Taufikin Taufikin — Sun, 14 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Rural waste management presents multifaceted challenges, particularly where cultural and religious values strongly shape environmental practices. This study examines the integration of Islamic ethical principles within a community-driven waste management framework to strengthen environmental stewardship, foster sustained community engagement, and generate socio-economic benefits. Using a qualitative case study methodology, research was conducted at an Integrated Waste Management and Recycling Center (IWMRC) in a rural Indonesian village. Before the establishment of the IWMRC, local waste practices relied heavily on unregulated dumping and open burning, resulting in substantial environmental and public health risks. Since the center’s operation in 2019–2024, the IWMRC has managed approximately 60 tons of waste annually, produced 20 tons of compost, and generated Rp 9,600,000 (USD 600) per year in revenue through waste bank activities, with active participation from about 280 local households and vendors (representing approximately 56% of the community). Thematic analysis reveals that Islamic values such as Khilafah (stewardship), Taharah (cleanliness), Amanah (trustworthiness), and Shura (consultative governance) are systematically embedded in technical operations and community education, guiding waste segregation, composting, and public learning. Circular economy principles, realized through waste bank programs, offer economic incentives that empower residents and improve livelihoods. Governance structures founded on justice (Adl), public welfare (Maslahah), and inclusive consultation support institutional resilience and sustainability. While early results are promising, this study acknowledges the limited follow-up period and recommends continued monitoring to assess long-term outcomes. These findings offer valuable insights for culturally attuned and sustainable waste management in Muslim-majority rural contexts.

MAJOR AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS AND THEIR COVERAGE OF THE 1991 IRAQI KURDISTAN UPRISING: A STUDY OF EVENTS AND OFFICIAL POSITIONS

Ayhan J. M. Taher — Tue, 26 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The March 1991 revolt in Iraqi Kurdistan marked a watershed moment in the Kurdish people's battle for national rights. The rebellion began in the aftermath of the Second Gulf War, taking advantage of the Iraqi army's vulnerability following its defeat and popular anger with Saddam Hussein's regime, coinciding with an uprising in southern Iraq. The revolt was marked by widespread participation from diverse elements of the Kurdish people, who gained control of the majority of Kurdish cities and territories, demanding the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's dictatorship and the establishment of Kurdish autonomy. Major American publications provided significant coverage of the March rebellion, which focused on reporting events in Kurdistan and Iraq. These newspapers sought to present a realistic picture of what was happening on the ground, shedding light on the political positions of the US government and Kurdish leaders. This media coverage provided an important account of the developments of the uprising and its international repercussions, highlighting the important role of journalism in documenting historical events.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC ADJUSTMENT AND SELF-COMPASSION AMONG KOYA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Bayar M. Aziz, Shahen R. Awla — Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This study aims to find out the level of academic adjustment, self-compassion as well as reveal the level of each of these variables according to demographic variables (gender, accommodation). Also, it aims to find out the relationship between academic adjustment and self-compassion among students at Koya University. The research population consisted of (3585). The sample was (350) students randomly selected at Koya University. Two scales were employed in this study; one scale is the adapted academic adjustment scale by Anderson et al (2016), and self-compassion scale which is adapted from Neff (2003). The validity and reliability of the instruments were at a convinced level. The results showed that the students have a bad level of academic adjustment and a high level of self-compassion; there is no statistically significant difference in their level of academic adjustment and self-compassion according to the variables (gender and place of residence). The results also showed a statistically significant positive relationship between academic adjustment and self-compassion. Furthermore, the result indicated that academic adjustment was predicted based on self-compassion. Finally, the study presented some suggestions and recommendations.

THE MOSQUE OF PROPHET YUNUS (PEACE BE UPON HIM) IN THE WAQF REGISTER OF THE MOSUL PROVINCE DURING THE LATE OTTOMAN PERIOD

Majid M. Younis — Tue, 01 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

The Mosque of Prophet Yunus (PBUH) is considered one of the most historically significant mosques in the Islamic world in general, and in Iraq in particular. It has received considerable attention from Muslims at large as well as from rulers, including caliphs, kings, and presidents across various historical periods. Beyond its religious significance, it is renowned as one of Iraq’s archaeological and historical landmarks, believed by the public to contain the tomb of Prophet Yunus (PBUH). This study explores the history of this mosque as a prominent center for religious, administrative, scientific, and public service activities. It particularly focuses on the key functions it performed during the final phase of the Ottoman era—specifically in the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century—based on information recorded in the Ottoman Endowment Register of Mosul.