The consequences of military thought on agoge children education in ancient sparta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.4.1251Keywords:
Education, Agoge, Sparta, Spartans, Society, Military ThoughtAbstract
The research entitled “The Consequences of Military Thought on Agoge Children Education in Ancient Sparta” sheds light on the compulsory education system of children in the city-state of ancient Sparta, known as Agoge Education, in which it was conquered all aspects of Spartan boys' lives were covered from childhood, especially from the age of seven to thirty. They were directly under the strict supervision of the state. The education of Sparta gave Sparta a culture different from other Greek states. In order to ensure the continuity of its state, Sparta needed its descendants to have military characteristics, so for this purpose the children's education system became the main goal, as well as discussing these very harsh and brutal methods with regard to military training It was education, physical exercise, beatings, punishment, competitive games, wrestling, limited food, and barracks life, in which Spartan education included a training program, and provided a comprehensive social system, in order to prepare the male to become a professional soldier To carry out the orders of the state, to endure hard and to win the war was the main goal to build a social character in a special military direction.
References
پەرتووکێن زمانێ عەرەبی و وەرگێرای بۆ عەرەبی:
بترى، أ، (1997)، مدخل الى تاريخ الاغريق و أدبهم و أثارهم، ت: يوئيل يوسف عزيز، الموصل، دار الكتب.
تقي الدين، رياض، (1986)، نافذة على الفكر العسكري، ط1، بيروت، دار النهار للنشر.
توينبى، ارنولد، (2003)، تاريخ الحضارة الهلينية، ت: رمزى جرجس، مصر، مكتبة الاسرة.
ديڤانبيه، پیر، وأخرون، (2014)، ج1، ط1، معجم الحضارة اليونانية القديمة، ت: احمد الباسط حسن، القاهرة، المركز القومي للترجمة.
روى، كريستوفر، سكوفيلد، كريستوفر، (2016)، الفكر السياسي عند اليونان و الرومان، ت: عبالغنى محمد السيده الكيلانى، مجدى السيد، ط1، القاهرة، المركز القومي للترجمة.
على، عبداللطيف أحمد، (1976)، التاريخ اليونانى، ج1، بيروت، دار النهضة العربية.
علي، سعيد اسماعيل، (1995)، التربية في الحضارة اليونانية، قاهرة.
فرنان، جان بيار، (1987)، أصول الفكر اليوناني، ت: سليم حداد، ط1، بيروت، المؤسسة الجامعية للدراسات و النشر و التوزيع.
نصار، عصمت، (2005)، الفكر الدينب عند الاغريق، ط2، مصر، دار الهيداية.
نيهارت، أ، أ، (1994)، الالهة و الابطال في اليونان القديمة، ت: هاشم حمادى، ط1، دمشق، الاهالي للطباعة والنشر.
٢. پەرتووکێن زمانێ ئنگلیزی:
Assumpcao, L. F. B. D. (2017), Esparta Politica Sociedade, Editora Prismas.
Baltrusch, Ernst, (1998), Sparta Geschte, Gesellschaft, Kultur, Munchen.
Bayliss, A. (2020), The Spartans, UK, Oxford University Press.
Beckett, Thomas. (2016), Sparta The Ultimate Greek Warriors: Everything You ToKnow About The Spartan Civilization.
Campbell, Duncan, B. (2012), Spartan Warrior(735-331 bc), Oxford.
Carr, Jihn, C. (2012), Spartans Kings, Great Britain.
Cartledge, Paul. (2002), Sparta And Lakonia, A regional history 1300-362 BC, New York, Routledge.
Clayton, M. (2019), Sparta A Captivating Guide to the Spartans, Greco-Persian Wars, Battle of Thermopylae, and Peloponnesian War, Captivating History.
Ducat, Jean. (2006), Spartan Education, USA.
Hodkinson, Stephen. (2009), Sparta Comparative Approaches, USA, The Classical Press of Wales.
Link, Stefan. (2009), Sparta Comparative Approaches, USA, The Classical Press of Wales.
Lucchesi, Michele. (2018), Conflict in The Peloponnese, Social, Military and intellectual, Nottingham.
Matyszak, Philip.(2017), Sparta Rise Of Warrior Nation, Pen&Sword Military, Great Britain.
Mckay, Kat, & Brett. (2019), The Spartan Way, USA.
Pausanias, Description Of Greece, trans;ation by. W. H. S. Jones, And H. A. O, London, Cambridge.
Petterson, M. (1992), Cults Of Apollo At Sparta, The Hyakinthia, The Gymnopadiai And The Karnea, Stockholm.
Pomeriy, S. (2002), Spartan Women, New York.
Pomeroy, Sarah, B. & Other.(2004), Abrief History Of Anceint Greece, New York, Oxford University Press.
Raymer, Ashley. (2013), Sparta as livin myth, Theories of Myth, Toronto.
Scanlon, T. F. (2002), Eros And Greek Athletics, New York.
Shutt, Timothy, B. (2009), A History Of Ancient Sparta: Valor, Virtue, And Devotion, In The Greek Golden Age, Great Britain.
Thommen, Lukas.(2017), Sparta Verfassungs- und Sozialgeschichte einer griechischen Polis, Verlag GmbH Deutschland, Berlin.
Velasco, Eduardo. (2012), Sparta And Its Law, UK.
٣. نامەیێن ئەکادیمی ب زمانێ عەرەبی:
نجوى، راشي، (2018)، نظام الدولة المدينة و تطورهة من السومر الى بلاد الاغريق، أطروحة دكتوراه غير منشورة، قسم التارخ القديم، كلية العلوم الانسانية، جامعة ابو القاسم سعدالله.
٤. نامەیێن ئەکادیمی ب زمانێ ئنگلیزی:
McConnell, Nicola Alexandria. (2014), How the Citizen-Warrior was created in Classical Athens and Sparta, the Degree of PhD Classics School of Humanities, College of Arts, University of Glasgow.
Tze Wai, Chan.(2011), The War Ethos And Practice in Ancient Greece, AThesis Of Master Of Philosophy in History, The Chinese University Of Hong Kong.
٥. گۆڤارێن ب زمانێ ئنگلیزی:
Berry, Phyllis, E, & Knottnerus, David, J. (2002), SPARTAN SOCIETY: STRUCTURAL RITUALIZATION IN AN ANCIENT SOCIAL SYSTEM, Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, Vol. 27, No. 1, Humboldt State University.
CHRISTESEN, P.( 2012), Athletics and Social Order in Sparta in the Classical Period, CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY, Vol. 31, N. 2, University of California Press.
Couvenhes, Jean, Ch. (2014), Les Kryptoi Spartiates, Dialogues de histoire ancienne supplement, universte de Paris, Sorbonne.
Mintz, Avi, I. (2018), Sparta, Athens, And The Suprising Roots of Common Scooling, forthcoming in Philosofhy of Education, University Of Tulsa.
van Creveld, Martin.(1983), Thoughts on Military History, Journal of Contemporary History, Vol. 18, No. 4, SAGE Publications.
Wooyed, Paik, & Bell , Daniel. (2004), Citizenship And State, Sponsored Physial Education: Ancient Greece And Ancient China, the Review Of Politics, Vol. 66, No. 1, Cambridge University Press.
گۆڤار ب زمانێ تورکی:
Dikyol, Derya Cigir. (2016), Antik Yunan dan Egitim Modeli: Sparta, Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, vol. 2, akdeniz.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Abdulstar S. Irfan, Mohammed A. Ali Abdullah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY-NC-SA 4.0] that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work, with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online.
